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Case Report
Idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification incidentally found in a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease: Case report and literature review
1 Histopathology Consultant, Pathology Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
2 Pathology Resident, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
3 Pathology Resident, King Fahad University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
4 Radiology Specialist, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Kingdom of Bahrain
Address correspondence to:
Safa Alshaikh
Histopathology Consultant, Pathology Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama,
Kingdom of Bahrain
Message to Corresponding Author
Article ID: 100111Z06SA2022
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How to cite this article
Alshaikh S, Alkhunaizy Z, Alabdullattif H, Alkhaja M. Idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification incidentally found in a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease: Case report and literature review. Case Rep Int 2022;11(2):16–19.ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diffuse pulmonary ossification was firstly described by Luschka in 1856. It has two distinct patterns with different clinical, radiological, and histological associations: nodular pulmonary ossification (NPO) and dendriform pulmonary ossification (DPO). Dendriform pulmonary ossification is described by the presence of branching metaplastic osseous spicules usually with bone marrow elements. Dendriform pulmonary ossification is described by the presence of branching metaplastic osseous spicules usually with bone marrow elements. Dendriform pulmonary ossification can occur as idiopathic or in association with chronic lung diseases. Idiopathic DPO is a rare entity and has association with chronic gastric acidity.
Case Report: A 36-year-old gentleman, unknown to have any medical illness, was incidentally found to have bilateral diffuse high-density lung opacities during workup for back pain. The patient was asymptomatic. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest showed bilateral ossified tiny branching opacities mainly involving the lower lobes. Histologically, the sections showed lung parenchyma with mature bone formation in the interstitial pulmonary spaces with fatty marrow in some of the bony spicules. Complementary upper gastrointestinal study was conducted confirming the presence of high-volume gastro-esophageal reflux.
Conclusion: Dendriform pulmonary ossification is a rare entity that can cause serious complications such as respiratory failure. Thus, awareness of it as a differential diagnosis of chronic lung disease is necessary. More studies are needed to establish treatment guidelines and long-term prognosis.
Keywords: Dendriform pulmonary ossification, Hematopoietic cells, Nodular pulmonary ossification
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Author Contributions
Safa Alshaikh - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Zahra Alkhunaizy - Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Hanoof Alabdullattif - Analysis of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Maryam Alkhaja - Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Guaranter of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2022 Safa Alshaikh et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
